Frank Jones Sulloway (born February 2, 1947) is an American psychologist and historian of science.
In Born to Rebel, Sulloway claimed that birth order had powerful effects on the Big Five personality traits.
He argued that firstborns are more conscientious and socially dominant, less agreeable, and less open to new ideas than are laterborns, who were "born to rebel".
[7] However, critics such as Fred Townsend, Toni Falbo, and Judith Rich Harris, dispute Sulloway's theories.
Subsequent large independent multi-cohort studies have revealed approximately zero-effect of birth order on personality.