Franz Dittrich (16 October 1815 – 29 August 1859) was an Austrian pathologist born in Nixdorf, Bohemia (today Mikulášovice, Czech Republic).
He studied medicine at the University of Prague under Joseph Hyrtl (1810-1894), receiving his doctorate in 1841.
In 1850 he succeeded Karl Friedrich Canstatt (1807-1850) as director at the medical clinic in Erlangen.
From 1845 Dittrich published reports on his activities in the Prague faculty journal, Vierteljahrsschrift für praktische Heilkunde.
Topics that he covered in the journal included stomach cancer, syphilis of the liver, heart stenosis, et al. His name is associated with the following two eponyms: