Eckstein was born in c. 1689 in Židovice (today part of Libčeves, Czech Republic).
His first frescoes were modelled on the complex works of the Italian master, Andrea Pozzo.
In 1711, he was married in Brno, where he took up residence, although he accepted commissions from many other places, and travelled frequently.
His most important works include frescoes in the Loretokapelle [de] of the Minorite monastery in Brno, Milotitz Castle [de], Bernstein Castle, the Piarist Church [de] in Kraków, and the Jesuit church in Lemberg.
The painter and engraver Gottfried Bernhard Göz was one of his best known students.