Frederick Eugene Wright (October 16, 1877 – August 25, 1953) was an American optical scientist and geophysicist.
He moved to Washington D.C. in 1904, joining the United States Geological Survey.
Their daughter, Mary Helen Wright Greuter (1914–1997), became a pioneer in the study of science history.
Among his contributions were studies in the military uses of optical glass; physical study of lunar features based on the properties of the reflected light, and the precambrian geology of the region near Lake Superior.
He served as the home secretary of the National Academy of Sciences, of which he was also a member, for two decades.