Sulfolobus species, specifically shibatae, solfataricus, and islandicus, serve as natural hosts.

[1][2] The Fuselloviridae are ubiquitous in high-temperature (≥70 °C), acidic (pH ≤4) hot springs around the world.

The family contains the following genera and species:[2] Viruses in Fuselloviridae are enveloped, with lemon-shaped geometries.

The virion proteins VP1, VP3, and VP4 undergo posttranslational modification by glycosylation, seemingly at multiple sites.

[1] Fuselloviruses are released from the host without causing cell lysis by a budding mechanism, similar to that employed by enveloped eukaryotic viruses.