The author of over 200 books and papers, he was a founder of mathematical logic and set theory, to which he contributed much notation.

As part of this effort, he made key contributions to the modern rigorous and systematic treatment of the method of mathematical induction.

Peano was born and raised on a farm at Spinetta, a hamlet now belonging to Cuneo, Piedmont, Italy.

[5][6] Here he knew the Italian socialist and freemason Giovanni Lerda (1853-1927),[7] a close collaborator of Cesare Lombroso.

Russell was struck by Peano's innovative logical symbols and after the conference, he retired to the country "to study quietly every word written by him or his disciples".

[10] Peano's students Mario Pieri and Alessandro Padoa also had papers presented at the philosophy congress.

A resolution calling for the formation of an "international auxiliary language" to facilitate the spread of mathematical (and commercial) ideas, was proposed; Peano fully supported it.

The idea was to use Latin vocabulary, since this was widely known, but simplify the grammar as much as possible and remove all irregular and anomalous forms to make it easier to learn.

On 3 January 1908, he read a paper to the Academia delle Scienze di Torino in which he started speaking in Latin and, as he described each simplification, introduced it into his speech so that by the end he was talking in his new language.

Having previously created Idiom Neutral, the Academy effectively chose to abandon it in favour of Peano's Latino sine flexione.

After his mother died in 1910, Peano divided his time between teaching, working on texts aimed for secondary schooling including a dictionary of mathematics, and developing and promoting his and other auxiliary languages, becoming a revered member of the international auxiliary language movement.

Giuseppe Peano continued teaching at Turin University until the day before he died when he suffered a fatal heart attack.