He was expelled from the party in 1932 for supporting the Republican government, but was readmitted at the start of the Spanish Civil War (1936–39).

[2] He joined the Group of Socialist Students (Grupo de Estudiantes Socialistas, GES), which decided to support the Third International in October 1919.

[3] He moved to France in 1921 to avoid being drafted for the war in Morocco, and in Paris became one of the leaders of the Spanish communists.

[1] After General José Sanjurjo attempted a coup in Seville in August 1932 the PCE gave its support to the Republic.

As a result of this dispute between the PCE and Comintern, Bullejos was expelled from the leadership, as were Trilla, Manuel Adame and Etelvino Vega.

These became the basis for the Agrupaciones de Guerrilleros Españoles (AGE), the Spanish maquis, which fought against the Germans.

[7] By the summer of 1944 the AGE veterans of the Spanish Republic's Popular Army had made a significant contribution to defeating the Germans in the south of France.

[14] Monzón made a failed attempt to start an insurrection against Francisco Franco through an invasion of the Val d'Aran in northern Spain by irregular forces in October 1944.

[15] According to the party "Trilla acted on his own account as an authentic bandit; furthermore his work represented a risk for the underground organization and the security of many Communists.