His father was the landowner and ambassador Count Hans-Adolf von Moltke (1884–1943) on the Wernersdorf estate where he was born.
He graduated in 1963 after studying in Grenoble, Berlin, as well as Freiburg im Breisgau and took his first state examination in the same year.
In 1991 Gebhardt von Moltke became Assistant Secretary General for Political Affairs at NATO in Brussels.
In 1997, he was named as the German ambassador in London,[1] an office which he held until 1999 when he was appointed as Permanent Representative of Germany to the North Atlantic Council of NATO.
In 2003 Moltke retired from the diplomatic service and became the new chairman of the German-British Society, which is a partner in the prestigious Königswinter Conference.