Geoinformatics

[1][2] It focuses on the programming of applications, spatial data structures, and the analysis of objects and space-time phenomena related to the surface and underneath of Earth and other celestial bodies.

The field develops software and web services to model and analyse spatial data, serving the needs of geosciences and related scientific and engineering disciplines.

[2] In a general sense, geoinformatics can be understood as "a variety of efforts to promote collaboration between computer scientists and geoscientists to solve complex scientific questions".

Geography and earth science increasingly rely on digital spatial data acquired from remotely sensed images analyzed by geographical information systems (GIS),[8] photo interpretation of aerial photographs, and Web mining.

A lot of interdisciplinary research exists that involves geoinformatics fields including computer science, information technology, software engineering, biogeography, geography, conservation, architecture, spatial analysis and reinforcement learning.

Leaflet library is often used in geoinformatics for the development of web map applications