Born in Posen, he joined the Prussian Army on 1 March 1903 as a Fahnenjunker in 2 Lower Silesian Infantry Regiment Number 47.
He entered the Prussian Staff College as an oberleutnant on 1 October 1912 but had to leave early on the outbreak of the First World War.
The official formation of the Reichswehr on 1 January 1921 included the 8th (Prussian) Infantry Regiment, of which Glokke was a company commander.
During this time he was also promoted to major on 1 May 1924 (with seniority from 1 June 1923) and became a lecturer in tactics and military history at the Artillery School in Jüterbog.
When the Reichswehr was converted into the Wehrmacht on 15 October 1935 he dropped his previous title and was instead listed as commander of 16th Infantry Division.
He handed over his command to Gotthard Heinrici on 12 October 1937 and then was assigned to VI Army Corps.