Ghost forest

[1] Forests located near the coast or estuaries may also be at risk of dying through saltwater poisoning, if invading seawater reduces the amount of freshwater that deciduous trees receive for sustenance.

With global sea-level rise, the coastlines in the southern US are being altered and leaving behind salt marshes filled with dead and dying trees in some areas.

Areas of the coastline can be inundated with sea water, creating marshes and leaving behind ghost forests.

Gathering evidence from both the trees and the ground, he determined that the earthquake and tsunami had occurred sometime between 1680 and 1720, but he could not pinpoint the exact date.

Japanese scientists, who had extensive records of tsunamis dating back to 684 AD, read the report, and told Atwater that they knew the date and even the precise time: January 26, 1700 at 9:00 p.m. Several hours after the earthquake, tsunami waves had crossed the ocean and wiped out a fishing village.

This layer represents the tsunami event, where the coast was flooded with sea water that is filled with sandy sediment.

[7] The mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, is a significant ecological force at the landscape level.

The majority of the life cycle is spent as larvae feeding in the phloem tissue (inner bark) of host pine trees.