Raja Bir Bikram Shah who belonged to Chandel Rajput Dynasty founded this princely state in 1266 AD, after defeating the local leader Nagoria.

Raja Puran Mal, ninth in descent of this dynasty is said to have built the Baidyanath Dham temple at Deoghar in 1596.

Gidhaur is located at the bank of river Ulai, 167 kilometres south-east of state capital, Patna.

Ulai is a monsoon river which flows parallel to the town and makes southern-western boundary.

Earlier Local business shops were mainly in Tower chowk but now it is widely distributed.

State Highway SH-18 passes through Gidhaur main market alongside Minto tower, connecting it to district headquarters Jamui and nearby major railway station Jhajha.

A month-long mela is held adjacent to Durga mandir to facilitate rural entertainment.

In addition to it, Holi, Diwali, Chhath puja, Eid, Muharram, and Ramnavmi are widely celebrated.

There is a regional center of sports authority of India, where sportspersons train for athletics, volleyball, basketball, football etc.

Maharaja of Gidhaur Chandrachud Singh was a member of Bihar cricket team in one-day match played at Keenan Stadium Jamshedpur against English team Lord Tennyson's XI on 29 December 1937.

[6] It is one of the few towns of district Jamui where basic governmental facilities like hospital, higher secondary school, public library, post office, police station, block office, stadium, and town hall are available.