[3] The plans were for a business operated in a similar manner to Tebay Services on the M6 in Cumbria, with much of the food and produce on sale being sourced from local suppliers.

[4] The operator promised not to host chain coffee shops, fast-food outlets, or video and gambling machines.

[7] Arguments both in support of and opposition to the scheme were made, citing Highways Agency and Department for Transport guidance.

A 2008 DfT circular advised a maximum 28-mile (45 km) distance or 30-minute drive time, whichever is the lesser, between services on the motorway network.

[10] The 2008 circular also advised that any development be limited to mitigate the impact on the environment, particularly to National Parks and Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Species such as birdsfoot trefoil and yellow rattle were included to attract UK native pollinators such as bees and butterflies.