Its seat is the town of Zdzieszowice, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) south-east of Krapkowice and 31 km (19 mi) south-east of the regional capital Opole.

The gmina covers an area of 57.85 square kilometres (22.3 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 15,740.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Góra Świętej Anny Landscape Park.

Apart from the town of Zdzieszowice, Gmina Zdzieszowice contains the villages and settlements of Januszkowice, Jasiona, Krępna, Oleszka, Rozwadza, Wielmierzowice and Żyrowa.

Gmina Zdzieszowice is bordered by the town of Kędzierzyn-Koźle and by the gminas of Gogolin, Krapkowice, Leśnica, Reńska Wieś, Strzelce Opolskie and Walce.