Great Guana Cay's settlement is known for its loyalist culture and architecture, as well as its social scene.

Great Guana Cay is an Abaco barrier island that hosts elkhorn and staghorn coral reefs.

It also contains a large amount of virgin forest, where migrating birds and resident Abaco species live.

Great Guana Cay came to international attention in conservation circles when the residents of the island grouped to form Save Guana Cay Reef, an organization designed to fight the large footprint of the Baker's Bay Golf & Ocean Club, located at Baker's Bay.

[2] Jean-Michel Cousteau's Ocean Futures Society, the Sierra Club, Greenpeace, Global Coral Reef Alliance, Mangrove Action Network and other conservation groups are working with the native islanders in a battle against the golf resort, which they say will destroy the island's mangroves and coral reef.