[1][2] The Renaissance fortress synagogue building was built in 1626 in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and it was the religious, educational and community centre of Lutsk Jews until the invasion of Poland in World War II.

Towards the end of the 15th century, the Jewish community of Lutsk had acquired considerable wealth and influence, and some of its members figured prominently as tax collectors.

A defensive tower containing the arsenal with loopholes was built on the southern corner of the prayer hall according to the wishes the king.

The tower formed part of city walls, allowing the synagogue to contribute to defences in addition to its religious and educational roles.

In the 19th century, the way of life of the Jewish community of Lutsk had changed due to the economic and legislative features of Russian Empire.

The old quarters were generally populated by poor Jews living in dirty wooden houses built close to each other.

In the Second Polish Republic, the city of Łuck became the capital of the Wołyń Voivodeship (1921–39) and in 1936 the provincial administration contributed funds for its restoration.

The Nahum Goldmann Museum of the Jewish Diaspora Beth Hatefutsoth located on the Tel Aviv University campus has a model of synagogue.

In April 2021 it was reported that the municipal authority, that owns the building, will gift the former synagogue to the Jewish Community of Lutsk, a nonprofit that represents Chabad Jews of the area.