[2] The county was determined by the US Census Bureau to include the mean center of U.S. population in 1930.

It was named for General Nathanael Greene, who commanded the southern theater in the American Revolutionary War, which eventually forced the British army under Charles Cornwallis to retreat to Yorktown.

This board is charged with executing the acts legislated by the council, collecting revenue, and managing the day-to-day functions of the county government.

The judge on the court is elected to a term of four years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association.

Since 1888, county voters have chosen the Republican Party nominee in 73% (24 of 34) of the elections through 2020.

[12] The Greene County Economic Development Corporation (GCEDC) currently serves to develop new businesses and support current businesses in Greene County, Indiana.

The county has been designated a Labor Surplus Area and an SBA HUB Zone (Historically Underused Business Zone), which provides advantages to county businesses in government contract bidding and eligibility for federal and state assistance.

Employee location and screening services are offered by WorkOne Linton, the local branch of the Indiana State Workforce Development office.

Worker training programs are available onsite and at the Greene County Community Learning Center, which serves as a local access site for area colleges and universities.

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 33,165 people, 13,487 households, and 9,276 families in the county.