Karadzhov previously served as Minister of Regional Development from 2021 to 2022 and Member of the National Assembly from 2014 to 2017 and from 2023 to 2024.

He was the chair of the Independent Student Society at the Faculty of Law at Sofia University in the 1990s.

He was also a co-founder and national coordinator of the Bulgarian Association for Fair Elections.

After the fall of Ivan Kostov's cabinet, Karadjov took over the management of the Democracy Party Foundation until 2004.

Between 27 November 2014 and 9 December 2015, he chaired the Parliamentary Committee on Transport, Information Technology and Communications.