Breeding in some areas also coincides with the seed rain from certain agricultural weeds,[11] possibly providing females with food resources to increase their fecundity.

Calling males are separated from each other by approximately 7.7 to 10.3 m in the field,[12] likely making it costly for females to sample large numbers of potential mates.

[20] However, in the earlier experiment higher calling effort explained a small, but statistically significant proportion of the variance in female attraction,[19] raising the possibility that the apparent preference of females for the songs of older males might be due to differences in calling effort between older and younger males.

[citation needed] Because the only reliable method of distinguishing G. pennsylvanicus and G. veletis is based on the timing of their life history,[13] Alexander and Bigelow [21] proposed that G. veletis and G. pennsylvanicus were sister species and had diverged through a process of allochronic speciation, whereby a temporal separation between the breeding seasons of the two incipient species restricts gene flow.

This greatly anticipated work will undoubtedly provide ample diversity fodder for research into the evolution of life histories.

[27][28][29] The broad diet of G. pennsylvanicus, coupled with seasonal variation in the availability of different types of prey (plant or animal) could exert substantial diversifying selection on cricket life histories (i.e. the genotypes that are optimal in high seed abundance years are likely different from those that are most fit in years of high invertebrate prey – genotype by environment interactions [30]).

Recorded food plants of G. pennsylvanicus include smooth crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum), lamb's quarters (Chenopodium album), English plantain (Plantago lanceolata), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) and chicory (Cichorium intybus).