The sanctuary is bordered by the forest divisions of Jehlum Valley to the north and west, Poonch and Pir Panjal to the south and the Drang village to the east.

The highly steep terrain of the upper reaches of Ferozpur gorge consists of Panjal volcanics, with exposed acidic lava flows.

White and silver fir are restricted to moist aspects and is associated with Pinus griffithii, Taxus wallichiana and Picea smithiana at lower altitudes.

[3] The sanctuary has also valuable resources of medicinal plants such as Saussurea costus (Jogi badshah), Picrorhiza kurroa and Jurinea dolomiaea.

[2] The Gulmarg Wildlife Sanctuary has a recorded 95 bird species of different families including Kashmir flycatcher (Ficedula subrubra), Himalayan snowcock (Tetraogallus himalayensis), Impeyan monal (Lophophorus impejanus) and Koklass pheasant (Pucrasia macrolopha).

The mammals found in the sanctuary include Himalayan brown bear (Ursus arctos), Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus), leopard (Panthera pardus), musk deer (Moschus crysogaster), Kashmir grey langur (Semnopithecus ajax), snow leopard (Uncia), Tibetan wolf (Canis lupus), red fox (Vulpes), leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis), jungle cat (Felis chaus), yellow-throated marten (Martes flavigula), Kashmir Stag, Himalayan tahr, barking deer, cougar, lynx, clouded leopard , bearded vulture, cranes, Himalayan griffon vulture , Egyptian vulture , and the only wildlife sanctuary in J&K to have migratory bald eagle.