It is a mark that indicates the tri-methylation at the 36th lysine residue of the histone H3 protein and often associated with gene bodies.
The genomic DNA of eukaryotic cells is wrapped around special protein molecules known as Histones.
H3K36me3 acts as a mark for HDACs to bind and deacetylate the histone which would prevent run-away transcription.
[8] The current understanding and interpretation of histones comes from two large scale projects: ENCODE and the Epigenomic roadmap.
This led to chromatin states which define genomic regions by grouping the interactions of different proteins and/or histone modifications together.
Chromatin states were investigated in Drosophila cells by looking at the binding location of proteins in the genome.
[11] A look in to the data obtained led to the definition of chromatin states based on histone modifications.
[14] There is reduced levels of H3K36me3 and H3K79me2 at the upstream GAA region of the FXN, indicative of a defect of transcription elongation in Friedreich's ataxia.
It results in good optimization and is used in vivo to reveal DNA-protein binding occurring in cells.
ChIP-Seq can be used to identify and quantify various DNA fragments for different histone modifications along a genomic region.