He finished second in his class (Fahreddin was first, Enver was fourth, Mahmud Kâmil was eighth) and also graduated from the Ottoman Military College first in his class (Enver was second, Mahmud Kâmil was fourth, Fahreddin was seventh) on 5 December 1902.

[2] Hafız Hakkı Bey fought in the Balkan wars of 1912-1913 and went on to write books about how armies should be led.

As a Colonel, Hakkı was placed in charge of X Corps along the Ottoman Army's left flank.

[8] Hafız was appointed by Enver Pasha to take over the remnants of the Ottoman Army in the Caucasus in early 1915.

He went on to contract typhus, and ultimately died from the disease just a few weeks later, in the Turkish city of Erzerum.