According to Sengupta et al. (2006), uncertainty neutralizes previous conclusions that the intrusion of HGs R1a1 and R2 [Now R-M124] from the northwest in Dravidian-speaking southern tribes is attributable to a single recent event.
R2a was also recovered from excavated remains in the South Asian sites of Saidu Sharif and Butkara from a later period.
Among regional groups, it is found among West Bengalis (23%), New Delhi Hindus (20%), Punjabis (5%) and Gujaratis (3%).
[9][13] Among caste groups, high percentages are shown by Jaunpur Kshatriyas (87%), Kamma Chaudhary (73%), Bihar Yadav (50%), Khandayat (46%)and Kallar (44%).
[15] The R2 haplogroup in the northern regions of Pakistan is found among Burusho people (14%), Pashtuns (10%) and Hazaras (4%).
[13] The R2-M124 haplogroup occurs at a considerably higher rate in the northern regions of Afghanistan (11.4%).
[17] Although the true percentage remains debated, the haplogroup is known to be at elevated levels in the Pamiri population (number ranges from 6-17% depending on the group).
Specifically, Haplogroup R-M124 has been found in approximately 7.5% (4/53) of recent Iranian emigrants living in Samarkand,[20] 7.1% (7/99) of Pamiris,[20] 6.8% (3/44) of Karakalpaks,[20] 5.1% (4/78) of Tajiks,[20] 5% (2/40) of Dungans in Kyrgyzstan,[20] 3.3% (1/30) of Turkmens,[20] 2.2% (8/366) of Uzbeks,[20] and 1.9% (1/54) of Kazakhs.
[27] In the Caucasus, around 16% of Mountain Jews, 8% of Balkars,[28] 6% of Kalmyks,[29] 3% of Azerbaijanis,[26] 2.6% of Kumyks,[30] 2.4% of Avars,[30] 2% of Armenians,[26] and 1% to 6% of Georgians[26][28][31] belong to the R-M124 haplogroup.
In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia so far has one family identified to have Haplogroup R2A (R-M124) of its paternal genome or Y-Chromosome updated 5 January; 2018.