[2] Forensic labs usually use PowerPlex Y (Promega Corporation) and Yfiler (Applied Biosystems) kits that examine 12 or 17 Y-STRs, respectively.
Alternative estimates (for forensic use therefore not all markers are covered) from observed pedigrees are also available at the Y Chromosome Haplotype Reference Database.
Similarly the trinucleotide DYS392 is reported to be "fast" in haplogroups N and Q, where it takes values 14-16 which are rare in other groups.
Thus, a conversion must be applied in these cases to accurately compare Y-STR results obtained from different companies.
The most common nomenclature is based on guidance provided by NIST for Y-STR markers historically reported differently by various companies.