Pandua was described by travelers as a cosmopolitan administrative, commercial and military base, with a population of natives, royalty, aristocrats and foreigners from across Eurasia.

Muslim governors in Bengal sensed an opportune time to establish an independent authority due to the considerable overland distance with Delhi.

The creation of the sultanate is of primary importance in Bengali history, as it resulted in the separation of authority from Delhi and united all parts of Bengal into a single state.

[3] The city was called Hazrat Pandua due to the large presence of Sufi preachers.

They built palaces, forts, bridges, mosques, and mausoleums, many of which are now in ruins or have disappeared completely.

Sultan Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah was buried in the Eklakhi Mausoleum, which is an example of terracotta Bengali architecture.

A contemporary account describes the durbar room as having pillars plated with brass, carved, polished and ornamented with figurines of flowers and animals; the king sat cross-legged on an elevated throne decorated with precious stones and a two-edged sword laying across his lap.

[4] According to the Ming ambassador Ma Huan, Pandua was transformed from a small hamlet into a cosmopolitan capital and trade center, as well as a military garrison.

High-quality paper was produced from the bark of mulberry trees in the area surrounding the capital.

The guests were served roast beef, mutton, rose water, and various kinds of sherbet.

[5] The city's male inhabitants wore cotton robes and shirts, turbans, dhutis, leather shoes and belts on the waist.

[3] Pandua continued to host mints that produced silver taka for the duration of the sultanate period.