Aviksoo briefly worked as an accountant for the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute in Russia before returning to Estonia following the Estonian War of Independence.
In 1924, he became the secretary of the Association of Municipalities and in 1930, became Mayor of Rakvere, representing the Patriotic League party; a position he held until 1940.
He was also head of propaganda of the regional unit of the Estonian Defence League where he held the rank of major, then later colonel.
[3] Aviksoo's tenure as mayor saw large-scale construction added to the town, with a new stadium (Rakvere Linnastaadion), a hospital, a public swimming pool, a new gymnasium (school) designed by architect Alar Kotli, and several banks and community buildings erected, as well as military barracks.
[4] Following the Soviet occupation of Estonia in 1940 during World War II, Aviksoo, like many other Estonian politicians and intellectuals, was arrested by the NKVD and placed into the gulag camp-system in 1941.