Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz (Roodt-sur-Eisch, Luxembourg, 25 November 1722 – 18 January 1799, Judenburg, Austria) was a botanist and a physician.

In 1750 he obtained his doctorate of medicine in Vienna, where he was a pupil of Gerard van Swieten (1700–1772).

[1] He was first married to Anna Susanne Petrasch and then to Magda Lena de Tremon.

In addition to his work in medicine, he studied chemistry, botany, and the sources of mineral water.

[1] The plant genus Crantzia (Gesneriaceae) was named for him by Thomas Nuttall.