He trained as a physician in the hospitals of Paris, interning at the Hôpital Saint-Louis, which at the time specialized in dermatology and venereology.

[1] In 1886, he became Professor Jean Alfred Fournier's Chief of Clinic (a position in French teaching hospitals that meant being day-to-day head of a department nominally run by a professor), and helped found the dermatological library in the Hôpital Saint-Louis.

He was appointed librarian in 1890, and the library was later renamed Bibliothèque Henri-Feulard – Centre de documentation dermatologique.

[3] On 4 May 1897 Dr Feulard, his wife, their ten-year-old daughter Germaine, and their maid Ernestine Moreau, attended the Bazar de la Charité, a high-class annual charity bazaar in Paris.

Dr Feulard re-entered the building in an attempt to save his daughter, but both perished, as did Ernestine Moreau.