Frederick Henry, Electoral Prince of the Palatinate, (German: Heinrich Friedrich; 1 January 1614 – 7 January 1629) was the eldest son of Frederick V, Elector Palatine and so-called "Winter King" of Bohemia, and his wife, Elizabeth Stuart, daughter of King James VI of Scotland and I of England.

[1] He was named after his father and his late uncle Henry, Prince of Wales, who had died less than two years earlier during the celebrations leading up to his parents' wedding.

Frederick Henry was the only one of his siblings to accompany his parents to Prague for the coronation and was elected successor to the Crown a few days before the birth of his brother Rupert.

[5] In September 1620, he was sent on a royal progress through Bohemia and the Upper Palatinate with a guard of 4,000 men, which ended in Leeuwarden where his kinsman Ernst Casimir, Stadtholder of Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe, took custody of him.

[8][9] As part of various efforts to fight or negotiate an end to the Thirty Years War, several potential marriages were considered for Frederick Henry.