[1][2] Passed down intergenerationally, hereditary chieftaincies are rooted in traditional forms of Indigenous governance models which predate colonization.
[3][4] The Indian Act (1876), still in force today, imposed electoral systems to fill band council positions.
[7][3][8] When serving as Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia, Judith Guichon postulated that the role of hereditary chiefs mirrored that of Canada's constitutional monarch, being the representative of "sober second thought and wisdom, not the next political cycle; but, rather, enduring truths and the evolution of our nation through generations.
"[9] It was hereditary chiefs of the Gitxsan and Wetʼsuwetʼen who acted as plaintiffs in the Delgamuukw v British Columbia decision (1997) of the Supreme Court of Canada.
The ruling, overturning a lower court decision, has been important to ongoing definition of the protection of Aboriginal title in relation to section 35 of Canada's Constitution Act, 1982, and also significant in accepting the standing of the hereditary chiefs as plaintiffs, relying on their authority to speak for their communities and nations.