There are isolated mountain peaks that reach to only 300 meters above sea level and include Tepoaca, Bacoachito, Lopez, Tonuco, Seri, Batamote, Goguz, Bronces, SantaTeresa, La Palma, Siete Cerros and La Campana.

Both of these are used for irrigation purposes with the Abelardo L. Rodriguez dam located on the San Miguel River.

[4] The population increase of the municipality, currently at 2.5% annually puts pressure on the infrastructure of the city, especially its water supply.

The rest of the municipality is very dry desert with larger temperature variations than the coastal area.

Rains for both climates falls mostly between June and September, with annual precipitation between 75 and 300 millimeters, depending on location.