[1] When Amersfoort and Westerbork proved to be too small to handle the large number of prisoners, the Schutzstaffel (SS) decided to build a concentration camp in Vught, near the city of 's-Hertogenbosch.

[3] On 26 October 1944, Scottish troops of the 7th Black Watch liberated the camp during Operation Pheasant after fighting a rear guard of SS personnel left to defend the nearly evacuated facility.

[4] There were around 500-600 prisoners left alive, who were due to be executed that afternoon, and whose lives were saved by the arrival of the liberating forces.

About 500 inmates were also discovered dead in piles near the gates, having been executed the very morning of the day the camp was liberated.

A Jewish student, David Koker (1921–1945), lived with his family in Amsterdam until he was captured on the night of 11 February 1943 and transported to Herzogenbusch camp.

Koker's mother and brother Max survived the war, but David died during a transport of sick people to Dachau in 1945.

[2] Helga Deen (Stettin, Germany, 6 April 1925 – Sobibor, 16 July 1943) was the author of a diary, discovered in 2004, which describes her time in the Herzogenbusch concentration camp in Vught, where she was taken during World War II at the age of 18.

After her last diary entry, in early July 1943, Helga Deen was deported to Sobibor extermination camp and murdered.

[6][7] Corrie ten Boom (1892–1983) and her sister Betsie (1885–1944) were detained at the Herzogenbusch camp (after four months in Scheveningen) for sheltering Jews and others at their Haarlem home from the occupation authorities.

Grünewald was initially sentenced to 3.5 years in prison for excessive cruelty, but was pardoned after serving a month.

In one case, black smears were drawn on the wall, using tar, which seeped into the stone and proved impossible to remove.

The grounds now house an educational museum known as Nationaal Monument Kamp Vught,[2] the Van Brederodekazerne military base, a neighbourhood for Indonesian refugees from Maluku, and the Nieuw Vosseveld high security prison.

Large parts of the southern camp buildings are now used by the Dutch military, including the former SS barracks that have a cruciform ground plan.