In principle, such long distances can be bridged with mechanical conveying equipment or high-density solids pumps.
To make a pump out of a reciprocating piston, some mechanism enforce unidirectional flow from the inlet to the cylinder to the outlet.
Thinner fluids can use simple check valves, but solids pumps require more elaborate mechanisms.
This is effected with two large-sized plunger cylinders and a so-called spectacle plate (so named from its shape) including seal rings.
Piston pumps with S-tube are suitable for concrete and mortar, for sludges with a solids content of up to 50% by weight and a fluctuating particle size distribution but also for conveying fly ash, coal or minerals in a suspension.
Once the "sucking" piston reaches its end position, the corresponding suction or delivery valve is simultaneously closed or opened.
At the same time the high-density solids are precompacted to close to the line pressure before the discharge valve opens.
The suction ball valve is pushed into its seating by the delivery line pressure and thereby closes off the connection to pump intake.
If such unsaturated material is to be conveyed over large distances, one possible approach is the hybrid feed system.
As distance increases from the air injection point, what was initially a series of plugs gradually turns into a continuous airborne stream.
Further the value of the off-set decides the thickness of the rotating member's sealing portion as it is provided a cut section equivalent to the diameter of the pumping cylinder.
This invention eliminates the through hole design of the rotary valve and also introduces a replaceable cutting edge for the rotating member.
Oil-hydraulically powered two-cylinder piston pumps with S-transfer tube have already been used for many years in civil engineering for transporting concrete.
Hazardous and highly flammable substances are processed physically, chemically and biologically in order to reduce the waste materials.
With the advantage of pipeline conveyance, high density solids pumps commonly transport such material.
This includes the space requirements, the accessibility in case of maintenance or cleaning purposes, as well as horizontal or vertical transport route for material discharge.