Hogganvik runestone

The Hogganvik runestone is a fifth-century runestone, bearing an Elder Futhark inscription, that was discovered in September 2009 by Arnfinn Henriksen, a resident of Hogganvik, in the Sånum-Lundevik area of Mandal, Vest-Agder, Norway, while working in the garden.

The Hogganvik runestone is a stone slab of about 1.5 square metres (16 sq ft), weighing approximately 800 kilograms (1,800 lb).

The inscription, which is in Proto-Norse, can be approximately dated to between 350 and 500 CE[1] and consists of 62 characters, one a bind-rune.

[ᛊ]ᚲᛖᛚᛒᚨᚦᛖᚹᚨᛊ[s]kelbaþewas᛬:ᛊ[ᛏ]ᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉs[t]ainaz᛬:ᚨᚨᚨᛊᚱᛈᚲᚠaaasrpkf[ᛊ]ᚲᛖᛚᛒᚨᚦᛖᚹᚨᛊ ᛬ ᛊ[ᛏ]ᚨᛁᚾᚨᛉ ᛬ ᚨᚨᚨᛊᚱᛈᚲᚠ[s]kelbaþewas : s[t]ainaz : aaasrpkfSkelba-þewaz’s ["Shaking-servant’s" (personal name)] stone [=(grave) monument] aaasrpkf (a sequence of letters used as an incantation).ᛖᚲᚾᚨᚢᛞᛁᚷᚨᛊᛏᛁᛉeknaudigastizᛖᚲᚾᚨᚢᛞᛁᚷᚨᛊᛏᛁᛉeknaudigastizI [=the rune carver] [am called] Naudigastiz [="Need-guest" (personal name)]; (name of the Runecarver)ᛖᚲᛖᚱᚨᚠᚨᛉekerafazᛖᚲᛖᚱᚨᚠᚨᛉekerafazI, [nicknamed] the Wolverine.ᚨᚨᚱᛈᚨᚨaarpaa᛬:ᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨᚾᚨᛚᛟᛉinananaloz//ᚾᚨᛒᛟᛉnaboz//ᚾᚨᚹᛟᛉnawozᚨᚨᚱᛈᚨᚨ ᛬ ᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨᚾᚨᛚᛟᛉ / ᚾᚨᛒᛟᛉ / ᚾᚨᚹᛟᛉaarpaa : inananaloz / naboz / nawozaarpaa (a sequence of letters used as an incantation) ?Within/From within the ?wheel-nave/?cabin-corner [or: ?needle].

The face of the stone with the inscription was shown to be more weathered than the underside, indicating it had been raised over a grave, and a large Iron Age burial was found under the site, but was not excavated.