As the name suggests, they are found in the highlands of the Itatiaia Mountains in Brazil, specifically in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Sâo Paulo, and Minas Gerais.

Scientists believe that the descent in modulation results from the closing of the frog's mouth at the conclusion of the call.

Itatiaia Highland frogs are threatened by a variety of factors, which may have led to their possible extinction.

Potential factors that decimated this species include deforestation, expansion of agriculture leading to habitat loss and/or fragmentation, UV radiation, urbanization and/or development of infrastructure, mining, natural disasters such as wildfires.

In the late 1980s, there were increased reports about drops in amphibian populations, which can be tied to the rise in pervasiveness of chytrid fungi.

In addition, forest degradation contributes to a general decrease in biodiversity and global warming, which can significantly impact wildlife, including Itatiaia Highland Frogs.

In order to lessen these impacts, the Brazilian government must implement stricter policies and fines to deter deforestation efforts.

[1][4] Holoaden bradei are found on the Brazilian, Global, Rio De Janeiro, and Minas Gerais red lists.

[1] It is unknown whether or not these efforts are directly aiding Holoaden bradei, as they have not been recorded in the wild in decades.The lack of information surrounding Brazilian organisms can be related to lack of priority toward watching species, the enormous, overwhelming biodiversity of the area, and little expertise on herpetology and ecology.

[6] If threatened, the parent highland frog will raise itself on its forelimbs, and hiss at the potential predator to try to make it go away.