Hong Pok-wŏn (Korean: 홍복원; Hanja: 洪福源; 1206–1258) was a Goryeo commander who later served as an administrator of the Mongol Empire.
Descended from a northwestern warlord family, Hong Pok-wŏn defected to the Mongols in 1231 and eventually settled around Liaoyang and Shenyang, where he was installed him as an administrator of Goryeo defectors.
[1] Hong Pok-wŏn and his father first encountered the Mongols in 1218 when they invaded Goryeo in pursuit of Khitan rebel groups.
There is no record of Hong Tae-sun taking orders from the Goryeo court to coordinate an attack on the Mongols.
The t'ohos of Northwestern Goryeo were at odds with the central court due to their control over their trade activities with northern nomads.
[1] When the Mongols invaded Goryeo in 1231, Hong Pok-wŏn defected to their side with his subordinates numbering 1500 families.
After the Mongols left, the Goryeo court gave him the title of rangjang of Sŏgyŏng, which indirectly acknowledged that they had no real control over him and sought to compromise with the warlord.