How Institutions Think (first published 1986) is a book that contains the published version of the Frank W. Abrams Lectures delivered by the influential cultural anthropologist Mary Douglas at Syracuse University in March 1985.

In How Institutions Think, Douglas offers a critique of the rational choice theory[1] rooted in social anthropology and a structural functionalist approach.

To achieve this, she builds on the work of Émile Durkheim and Ludwig Fleck and examples drawn from anthropology.

[2] She argues that rational choice theory that humans cooperate because this is individually advantageous can not explain empirically observed phenomena, such as self-sacrifice or non-authoritarian, 'latent', groups.

The book aims at discussing alternative explanations, such as the building of analogies to support common understandings from early human communities.