Hugo Erfurth (14 October 1874 – 14 February 1948) was a German photographer known for his portraits of celebrities and cultural figures of the early twentieth century.

He made landscapes and portraits in gum bichromate or as oil pigment prints, and started to earn a reputation as a skilled photographer.

Erfurt served with Heinrich Ernemann, C. P. Goerz, Dr. Adolf Miethe, Dr. Richard Neuhauss, and others on the board of first International Photographic Exhibition, held in Dresden, 'a collective representation of Photography in all its branches and in all civilised countries.

[1] During this time, Dresden was home to a cultural elite that included Otto Dix, Erich Heckel, Paul Klee, and Oskar Kokoschka.

By the late 1920s, Erfurth had established himself as one of Germany’s leading portraitists and was known for a broad range of work around photography:...he was the subject of an extensive critical literature and even of a 1927 film that showed him planning, executing, and printing a portrait commission.

Possessing strong organizational skills, Erfurth curated a major photography exhibition in Dresden as early as 1904, and he later operated an art gallery in his studio, presenting prints and drawings by the most talented younger German artists.