His father Johann Friedrich August Rüdel (1816-1887) ran a brickworks and was the town conductor of Havelberg.
Hugo was the youngest of five children; his mother was Pauline Amalia Albertine, née Knüppelholz (1831-1891).
From 1899 to 1910, he was a teacher (professor from 1908) for French horn at the Hochschule für Musik zu Berlin.
From 1909 to 1933 he was conductor of the Staats- und Domchor Berlin [de], with which he undertook numerous journeys abroad.
Finally still on 21 March 1933 he was involved with the Staats- und Domchor in the organization of the Day of Potsdam, where the newly elected Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler placed himself with public appeal in a Prussian national-conservative tradition.