[1] He was the son and heir of Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford by his wife Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, the eighth and youngest daughter of King Edward I and Queen Eleanor of Castile.
In about 1350 he commissioned an alliterative English translation of the French verse romance William of Palerne composed in about 1200, commissioned by Countess Yolande (who is generally identified as Yolande, daughter of Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut).
He is referred to as having ordered the translation as follows:[2] For the hend Erl of Herford, Sir Humfray de Bowne, The king Edwardes newe, at Glouseter that ligges, For he of Frensche this fayre tale ferst dede translate, In ese of Englysch men, in Englysch speche.
[2] The poem later clarifies that he was alive at the time of its composition, as it concludes by urging the reader to pray to God to give the earl a "good life".
The earldoms of Hereford and Essex passed to his nephew, Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford, the son of his deceased younger brother, William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton.