Hurricane Kyle (2002)

Kyle spawned at least four tornadoes, the costliest of which struck Georgetown, South Carolina; it damaged 106 buildings and destroyed seven others, causing eight injuries.

Strengthening gradually, the depression attained subtropical storm status early on September 21, and as such was named Kyle by the National Hurricane Center.

[2] On September 22, the convection increased around the center as the system developed a warm thermal core, and as a result it was reclassified as a fully tropical cyclone.

After the storm briefly weakened,[3] previously moderate wind shear began decreasing, which allowed convection to deepen and the outflow over the cyclone to improve.

[7] On September 28, after turning west-northwestward, the hurricane weakened to tropical storm status,[1] and by the next day the center had become devoid of deep convection.

[15] Late on October 2, Kyle developed an eye feature in the center of the storm,[16] and the winds increased to about 65 mph (105 km/h);[1] operationally it was forecast to regain hurricane status.

[1] On October 6, a decrease in wind shear allowed the cyclone to again reach tropical storm status, about 295 miles (475 km) west-northwest of Bermuda.

Around the same time, the system was located in an area of weak steering currents; a ridge was to its northeast and southwest, an upper-level low was to its east-southeast, and a broad trough was to its northwest.

The circulation became elongated as dry air limited convection,[20] and after shear increased on October 8,[21] Kyle weakened to tropical depression status.

[22] After 24 hours without significant convection, thunderstorms reformed to the southeast of the center on October 10 as the depression entered an area of warmer water temperatures.

[25] Convection increased markedly early on October 11 as it turned northward ahead of an approaching cold front,[26] and Kyle regained tropical storm status about 35 miles (56 km) east of the border between Florida and Georgia.

The storm briefly moved over open waters before again making landfall near Long Beach, North Carolina late on October 11.

[1] At the time of it moving ashore, there was a separate non-tropical low to the northeast of the depression,[27] and shear had greatly increased, which made re-intensification unlikely.

[28] However, convection redeveloped baroclinically with the approaching cold front, and Kyle attained tropical storm status for the fifth time over the eastern Pamlico Sound.

[30] After emerging into the western Atlantic Ocean, Tropical Storm Kyle merged with a cold front late on October 12.

The next day, the remnants of Kyle were absorbed by an extratropical cyclone to its northwest, which continued northeastward and moved near the British Isles on October 23.

[31] Because of uncertainties in its track, the government of Bermuda posted a tropical storm watch for the island on September 30; it was discontinued the following day.

[35] Moderate rainfall from Kyle in South Carolina peaked at 6.35 inches (161 mm) in Edisto Beach, with the precipitation resulting in minor urban flooding.

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone , remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression
TRMM satellite image of Tropical Storm Kyle on October 3
Tropical Storm Kyle making landfall in South Carolina on October 11
Rainfall totals in the United States from Kyle