[2] Giraffids are represented in the late Miocene epoch of the Siwaliks by large Sivatheriinae such as Sivatherium, Bramatherium, Helladotherium, and Hydaspitherium.

H. megacephalum is restricted to the Dhok Pathan Formation (33°36′N 72°30′E / 33.6°N 72.5°E / 33.6; 72.5, paleocoordinates 30°54′N 73°54′E / 30.9°N 73.9°E / 30.9; 73.9)[3] in northern Pakistan.

[4]: Introduction Four separate species of Hydaspitherium were described more than a century ago, but their differences can be explained as sexual dimorphism and intraspecific variability: H. birmanicum is based on a single right upper molar.

H. grande and H. magnum are only slightly larger than H. megacephalum and the variation in dentition does not support separate taxa.

It is possible these represent two species in the Siwaliks: the smaller H. megacephalum and the larger H. grande, but this is unclear until more material has been collected.