IC programming[1] is the process of transferring a software or firmware into an integrated circuit (IC), typically to enable the chip to perform specific tasks or functions.
[2] IC programming can be performed either off-board, where the IC is removed from its PCB and programmed externally, or on-board, where the IC is programmed while still mounted on the device's circuit board.
IC programming is essential in providing the ability to program a range of programmable ICs used in diverse applications, from consumer electronics to industrial systems.
The common types of programmable chips include:
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