Ibero-American Summit

The first summit, held in 1991 in Guadalajara, Mexico, was attended by the governments of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Spain, Uruguay and Venezuela.

Puerto Rico has participated sometimes as an associate member, but as it is not a sovereign country it is not allowed to completely join the summits.

All these countries were either Spanish or Portuguese colonies (Belize and the Philippines were Spanish before belonged to the United Kingdom and the United States, while East Timor was Portuguese before belonged to Indonesia, respectively).

Other former Spanish and Portuguese colonies may join the summits in the future.

Following a proposal made by the Colombian President Gustavo Petro,[4] Sahrawi diplomat Mohamed Azrouk said that Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic will submit a request to join the Ibero-American Summit as an observer member.