Imam Dashdemir oglu Mustafayev (Azerbaijani: İmam Daşdəmir oğlu Mustafayev; 25 February 1910 – 10 March 1997) was an Azerbaijani politician and scientist who headed the Azerbaijan SSR as the First Secretary of the Azerbaijan Communist Party from 1954 to 1959.

Son of a poor peasant, he was born in a village of the Qakh region in Azerbaijan.

[2] As a result of this step which was not agreed upon with Moscow (out of fears of it getting refused) Azerbaijani acquired increasingly an important status in the entire country.

[1] Mustafayev was implicitly accused of nationalism, and on 12 June 1959 he was fired for "not being able to cope with his work" and was expelled from membership of the bureau of the Azerbaijan Communist Party Central Committee.

[2] After being removed from that office, he worked as the Director of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences.