Imiquimod, sold under the brand name Aldara among others, is a medication that acts as an immune response modifier that is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis.

[13] Imiquimod stimulates the innate immune system by activating toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), commonly involved in pathogen recognition.

[14][15] Cells activated by imiquimod via TLR-7 secrete cytokines (primarily interferon-α (IFN-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)).

In experiments, blocking OGFr function with siRNA technology resulted in loss of any antiproliferative effect of imiquimod.

[19]: 369–372  3M obtained the first FDA approval for it in 1997 as a treatment for external genital and perianal warts under the brand "Aldara".

[1] One randomized double-blind Phase III clinical study found clearance of genital warts (an FDA-approved indication) improved from 9% with placebo to 24.9% with 3.75% imiquimod cream applied for up to eight weeks.