For example, female sex hormones are known to stimulate both adaptive[2] and innate immune responses.
[3][4][5][6] Some autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus strike women preferentially, and their onset often coincides with puberty.
Other hormones appear to regulate the immune system as well, most notably prolactin, growth hormone and vitamin D.[7][8] Some publications point towards the effect of deoxycholic acid (DCA) as an immunostimulant[9][10][11] of the non-specific immune system, activating its main actors, the macrophages.
[citation needed] Claims made by marketers of various products and alternative health providers, such as chiropractors, homeopaths, and acupuncturists to be able to stimulate or "boost" the immune system generally lack meaningful explanation and evidence of effectiveness.
The goal is to stimulate the person's immune system in order to prevent future infections that may result in an acute episode or exacerbation of COPD.