[citation needed] The term was coined by Elizabeth M. Ferrarini, the author of Confessions of an Infomaniac (1984) and Infomania: The Guide to Essential Electronic Services (1985).
[3] The 80 volunteers carried out problem solving tasks in a quiet space and then while being bombarded with new emails and phone calls that they could not answer.
[3] Results showed a reduction in IQ by an average of 10 points during the bombardment session, but not everyone was affected to the same extent; men were distracted more than women.
[4] Wilson compares working while having an incoming of calls and email can reduce someone’s ability to focus as much as losing a night’s sleep.
[5] However, Gloria Mark at UC Irvine conducted a study on the short-term effects of Fear of Missing Out, which involves compulsively checking in on the experiences of others via social media,[6] and found that it took an average of 23 minutes to return to an original task after an interruption.