The Inner Mongolian People's Republic was a state in Inner Mongolia founded shortly after the Second World War.

During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese established a puppet state in Inner Mongolia called Mengjiang.

Mengjiang was disbanded by the invasion of Soviet and Mongolian troops in August 1945.

The congress proclaimed the Inner Mongolian People's Republic, and a provisional government of 27 members were elected, of whom 11 were in the Standing Committee.

The CCP sent Ulanhu to take control of the situation, and he ordered the Inner Mongolian government to be dissolved.