[2] Per Japanese census data,[3] the population of Inuyama has been increasing over the past 70 years.

Under the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate, Inuyama was ruled as a sub-domain of Owari Domain, entrusted to the Naruse clan, who served as senior retainers of the Nagoya-branch of the Tokugawa clan.

With the establishment of the modern municipalities system on October 1, 1889, the town of Inuyama was created.

Inuyama has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 20 members.

In terms of national politics, the city is part of Aichi 16th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.